Technical Architecture Patterns – The most common architectural pattern is a layered architectural pattern, otherwise known as the N-Tier architectural pattern. This pattern is a de facto standard for most Java EE programs and therefore is widely known by most architects, designers and developers. The layered architectural pattern is closely in line with traditional IT communication and organizational structures that are found in most companies, making it natural for most business efforts.
Ingredients are arranged in horizontal layers with a pattern of layered architecture, each layer that plays a specific role in the program (eg, business logic or business logic). Although the pattern of layered architecture is not indicated by the number and type of layers that should exist in the sample, the most layered architecture consists of four common layers: presentation, business, perseverance and database (Fig. 1 -1). In some cases, the business layer and layer perseverance are combined with a single layer of business, especially if there is constant logic (eg, small programs can only have three layers, and larger and more complex business programs can contain five or more layers.
Technical Architecture Patterns
Each layer of layered architectural pattern plays a certain role and responsibility within the application. For example, a layer of presentation will be responsible for managing all users’ interface and browser communication logic, and the business layer is responsible for implementing a specific business policy -related request. Each architectural layer generates an abstraction around the job that needs to be done to meet the requirement of a particular business. For example, the layout of the presentation does not need to know or remember
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To obtain user data; It only needs to show this information on the screen, especially in the format. Similarly, the business layer should not remember how to form user data on screen, or even where customer data came; It should only obtain data from the perseverance layer, implement business logic against data (eg, calculate combined -locked values or data) and transfer this information to the presentation layer.
Among the ingredients. The ingredients in a particular layer are just a deal with the logic of this layer. For example, the components of the presentation layer only have the logic of the presentation, and the ingredients that live in the business layer only talk about business logic. Classification of this type of component allows you to produce effective roles and models in your architecture and simplify the development, effort, management and maintenance of programs using this architectural pattern, due to the range of well -defined component interfaces and limited substances.
. This is a very important concept in the pattern of layered architecture. A closed layer means that as the requirement moves from layer to layer, it must pass itself to the layer below it to reach the following layer below. For example, the requirement from the presentation layer should first go through the business layer, then the perseverance layer until the database layer finally strikes.
Why not allow a direct access layer either to a perseverance or a database layer? After all, direct access to the database from the presentation layer is faster than going to the bouquet of excess layers, to obtain or store database information. The answer to this question depends on the basic concept
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Layers of separation concept mean that changes in the architectural layer generally do not affect or affect SQL). If you allow a direct access layer to the perseverance layer, then the changes in the SQL will affect both the business layer and the presentation layer, thereby strictly associated with the components in many sequences. This type of architecture then becomes a very difficult and expensive change.
The layers of the concept of separation also mean that each layer is independent of other layers, thus, small or unaware of the internal works of other layers in architecture. To understand the power and meaning of this concept, keep in mind a great response to the presentation outline of JSP (Java Server Pages) in JSF (Java Server Faces). The contracts used between the presentation layer and the business layer (eg, the model) remains the same interface interface interface interface used by the presentation layer.
Although closed layers help to separate the layers and thus help to exclude changes within the architecture, there are times when several layers are open. For example, suppose you want to add a common service layer to architecture, which contains the usual service components available with business layer components (eg, data classes and string utility or classes in the audit and valley). Creating a service layer is usually a good idea in this case, as architecture prevents access to services shared in the business layer (and not a presentation layer). Without a separate layer, there is no architecture that prevents the presentation layer from accessing these common services, which complicates the management of this access.
The business layer indicates that the ingredients in this service layer are not available from the presentation layer. However, this is a problem that the business layer is required to undergo a layer of service to obtain a permanent layer, which is irrelevant. This is a problem with the age of layered architecture and is resolved by creating open layers inside architecture.
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As described in the drawing 1-3, in this case the service layers are marked as open, which means that the requirements are allowed to overcome this open layer and move directly to the layer below. In the following examples, as the service layer is open, the business layer has the right to check it out and turn to a direct insistent layer, which will make it perfect.
The concept of open and closed layers promotes the relationship between architectural layers and demand requirements and also provides designers and developers to understand the information they need to understand the variety of restrictions on the layer of architecture. Documentation or properly communicating which architectural layers are open and closed (and why) usually lead to strict and fragile architecture, which attempts, maintenance and layout are very difficult.
Describe how layered architecture works, consider a request from a business user to get customer information to a particular individual, as reflected in the drawing 1-4. Black arrows show a request that flows into the database to obtain user data, while the red arrows show an answer that flows to view the data on the screen. In this example, customer information consists of both user data and order data (orders placed by the user).
Responsible for receiving and displaying customer information. He does not know where the data is, how it is obtained, or how many databases should be required to obtain data. When a customer screen receives a request for a particular individual to obtain information about the user, then go through that request
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Module. This module is responsible for knowing which business layer modules can process this requirement and how to get into this module and what data it needs (contract). Defined do not
The business layer is responsible for accumulating all the information needed for the business (in this case to get user information). This module calls
Module for ordering information. These modules create SQL statements to obtain relevant data and transfer it to the user’s object in a business layer. When the user’s facility receives data, it combines data and transmits this information to the user delegate, which then transmits this data to the user screen to show the user.
In terms of technology, there are twelve ways to implement this module. For example, on the Java Platform, the user screen can be (JSF) Java Server, which stands on the screen with a user delegate as a management bean outfit. User facility in the business layer can be local spring beans or remote EJB3 beans. Access data described in the previous example can be carried out as a simple pojo (simple old Java object), mybatis xml mapper files, or even items containing raw JDBC calls or hibernative requirements. From the introduction of the Microsoft platform, the user screen can be an ASP module (active server). Using the NET Frame to enter the C# module in the business layer, as well as access to module data and order data as ADO (active data objects).
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The pattern of layered architecture is a solid example of a general purpose, making it the largest starting point for most applications, especially if you are not sure which architectural pattern is best suited for your use. At the same time, there are several issues that need to be discussed from an architectural position when
